In 1933, the American Clark and Gollan kept some mice immersed in a liquid which flooded their lungs and should have killed them. But they stayed alive. This fluid was an emulsion of a fluorocarbon in water. These fluorocarbon molecules link up with significant quantities of oxygen present in the water. This showed the beginnings of the invention of the blood substitute. In 1967, the American, Henry A. Sloviter injected the fluorocarbon emulsion into some rabbits along with the physiological liquid and some albumen. He also found that if the injected liquid is above a third in volume with respect to the blood, then the animal may die, because the substitute liquid cannot efficiently transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. The Japanese, Ryochi Naito carried out the first experiment on man by injecting himself with 200 ml of Fluosol DA, a milky looking artificial blood.
