There are 2 fundamental and distinct process that involve DNA and enable flow of genetic information. What are these when do they occur in cell cycle

The first process is DNA replication: This can extend to duplicating the whole genome. It occurs immediately prior to cell division and is necessary for the transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next. The fidelity of the copying process must be as high as possible. There is little room for errors in this process, as these will be copied perhaps trillions of times in the offspring.
The second process is DNA transcription; it is the copying of special sections of the DNA as RNA, and the latter is then translated into protein. Collectively this is called gene expression; it occurs throughout the life of the cell and is essential for any new protein formation. Enzymes that are recycled and replaced, structural proteins, and hormones must all be synthesized by this process. Gene expression is obviously most active in rapidly growing tissue.

Transcription and translation of DNA are very different processes. Replication requires a single copy to be made of the whole genome once in the life of the cell. This must be highly accurate for healthy daughter cells. Gene expression involves the copying, sometimes carried out many thousands of times, of small sections of the genome that are then often translated to proteins. The copying process is not as accurate as for DNA replication, and because many copies are made, random errors occur but they are not usually repeated.